The New Hampshire General Court, currently made up of 424 members between the House of Representatives (400) and Senate (24), is the third largest legislative body in the English-speaking world, behind only the British House of Commons and the United States House of Representatives.

And while a body of 424 legislators makes for a highly representative one per 3,000 New Hampshire residents, it pales in comparison to New Hampshire's original House, which with 87 members had one per 100 families. In addition to the legislative branch, New Hampshire state government is made up of the executive and judicial branches.

The executive branch consists of the Governor, Executive Council and state agencies, and it serves to enact and enforce state laws. The judicial branch is made up of the New Hampshire Supreme Court, Superior Court, Probate Court, District Court and Family Division.